【採用】 採用前にやらねばならぬこと その4-10
採用前にやらねばならないこと 10項目を連続もので掲載する予定でいたが、そもそも採用自体にあまりニーズがない、との声をいただいたので、4-10を一挙掲載。
4はジョブオープニングを確認すること。
採用のオファーレターを出したのはいいが、そのポジションが埋まっていました、では採用された側も迷惑だ。オファーをもらって、現在働いている会社に辞表を出してしまったりしたら、訴訟が起こる可能性もある。
5.プロセスの確認
自分の他に誰が最終候補者と面接をするのか?
サラリーの決定権限はどの程度あるのか?
採用の承認は誰がするのか?
採用の緊急性はどの程度か?いつまでに採用する必要があるのか?
引越しをともなう採用を許可する権限はあるか?(会社側が引越し費用を持つか否か)
採用広告の予算はいくらか?
人材紹介会社への予算はいくらか?
6.完璧な候補者像を明確に描くこと
候補者へ求めるものがあいまいだと、採用基準もあいまいになってしまう。
ジョブディスクリプションに頼りすぎず、下記のような質問を考えよう
どんな特徴をもった人がこの仕事で実力を発揮できるか?
どんな特徴の人だとこの仕事は失敗しやすいか?
どのような場合にこの仕事のマネジャーが困るか?
どんな失敗をすると、この仕事は解雇になるか?
以前にこの仕事をしていた人で、最も改善してほしかった点は何か?
7.外部の人に説明をすること
人材紹介会社にせよ、広告を打つにせよ、外部の方に知ってもらわないと意味がない。
例えば、
具体的な仕事の経験年数
候補者に求められる過去の成果
候補者に求められる役割の経験(マネジメント経験、トレーニング受講経験等)
鍵となる特徴、あるいは能力
業界経験等
必要となる学歴
資格や必要とされる研修経験
コンピューターの能力、ソフトウェアの経験、スキル
8.外部の方の理解を深める
7の内容を実際に外部の方に説明して、理解を深めてもらい、候補者を探す。
9.法的なチェックをする
採用において、差別等がないか法的なリスクをチェックする。
年齢、性別、民族、宗教、身体障害、出身国、他の差別的な内容に触れていないかを確認する。
日本の履歴書のフォーマットには米国では差別的な内容が多く含まれるので、注意する。
10.現実と向き合う
理想の候補者が欲しいのは誰しも同じ。スーパーヒーローを求めすぎて、決まらなかったり、ポジション以上のあまりに実力の高い人が来てしまっても処遇に困る。現実と向き合うことが必要だ。
▼【ブログ ランキング】 いつもクリック ありがとうございます!
▼英文では以下のような内容となる
4. Verify the Job Opening.
Before investing time and money in interviews, make sure that the job opening is "real." If your organization has a formal process for approving an opening for hire, make sure that all appropriate forms are signed and authorizations are obtained.
If your organization is less formal, at least send a confirming memo to involved parties, outlining your plan.
5. Identify Controls or Constraints.
There can be any number of constraints on your hiring. You'll just waste time if you set off without knowing what they are. Ask these questions:
• Who else needs to interview or meet with final candidates?
• What authority do you have to set salary?
• Who needs to approve your final choice for hire?
• How much of a hurry are you in?
• Do you have authority to relocate?
• What is the budget for advertising?
• What is the budget for job board, search firm, or employment agency fees?
6. Picture the Perfect Candidate.
It sounds silly, but the biggest mistake in hiring is starting the recruiting process before you know what you are looking for. When there's no clear picture of the ideal candidate, you don't know what questions to ask, what answers to listen for, and how to evaluate candidates.
You're also not going to attract the best candidates because they'll sense your fuzzy thinking, and that's a turn-off. Further, vague requirements mean you won't get poor candidates to self-select out of the process.
Don't rely on a job description; do a little digging:
• What characteristics have helped others excel at this job?
• What aspects of this job have caused others to fail?
• What aspects have caused the manager the most heartache?
• What failure in performance would get the person in this job fired?
• In what areas did past jobholders need the most improvement?
7. Clarify for Outsiders.
Now you know what you want, but you still have to translate it into language to share outside the company. How will you describe your opening on job boards, advertisements, and notices to others helping with recruiting?
Each job is different, but in general, consider specifying the following things:
• Number of years' experience at a specific job
• Specific duties or types of duties candidates should have performed
• Specific responsibilities candidates should have had (management, training, bottom line, etc.)
• Key characteristics or abilities
• Industry awareness and trends
• Degrees required
• Certification or special training required or desirable
• Computer abilities or software familiarity
8. Gain Agreement.
When you are comfortable with your description of what you are looking for, share it with others involved in the process. Do they agree that you have captured the essential requirements?
9. Check Legalities.
If you are not careful in setting requirements, you may be guilty of inadvertent discrimination. For example, if you set requirements that aren't really necessary (such as a college degree for a clerical position), then you may illegally exclude a disproportionate number of members of a particular protected group.
Focus on meaningful requirements based on the position's essential functions. Avoid any mention of age, sex, race, religion, disability, or national origin, or any characteristic protected by your state law (for example, sexual preference, marital status, or public assistance status).
10. Get Real.
Finally, make a reality check. Managers get carried away in dreaming about the "perfect" candidate, and end up describing a superhero who is overqualified for the job.
So, ask one last question: Would the candidate you have described be attracted to—and succeed at—your job?
And that's it. Get these ten preliminaries out of the way, and you are set for a successful search.
