男女でドレスコードが違っても差別にはならないだろう・・・・というほど簡単でないのでがドレスコードの問題だ。これから夏の季節がやってきて、ドレスコードに対する個人の感覚の差が、また物議をかもし出す。先日、写真を掲載するという例を御紹介したが、従業員ハンドブックには定義をしなくてはならない。下記にも書いてあるように、professional business attireというような表現にすると無難ではある。またカリフォルニア州では、女性はスカートのみ着用すること、と言った表現はできないので、注意すべきだ。
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Can dress codes be different for male and female employees?
Most of the legal problems relating to dress codes have centered on the issue of gender bias—but this does not mean that the code must be the same for both genders. Courts have concluded that employers may enforce dress codes even if they are different for men and women, as long as the standards for each gender are reasonable for the business environment at issue.
For example, a corporate employer could mandate that men may not wear skirts and must wear ties. However, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the courts continue to face claims of gender discrimination because of company policies on beards, long hair, short skirts, pants, and other matters of apparel and grooming that affect men and women differently.
Men have complained that necktie rules discriminate against them, for example; women have complained that rules requiring them to wear skirts or dresses are discriminatory.
Generally, courts take the position that since dress codes do not involve "immutable characteristics" such as gender and race, they do not necessarily reflect bias.
Wherever possible, of course, the best practice is to avoid dress requirements that differentiate by gender. Jacket and tie requirements, for example, might be replaced with a requirement of "professional business attire," which, in ordinary business custom and practice, means suit and tie for men and a business suit for women.
Some states have passed laws affecting dress code requirements. For example, California has a law prohibiting employers from implementing dress codes that restrict women from wearing pants.
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